Bibliografia lul·liana
Lullian bibliography
Rodríguez Viejo, Assimilation [2026].
Jesús Rodríguez Viejo
"Minorities, Assimilation, and Conversion in Mallorca: Ramon Llull and the Karlsruhe Breviculum"
Coexistence in Medieval Christian and Muslim Societies: Politics, Trade and Culture in Anatolia and Iberia (Londres - Nova York: Routledge, 2026), pp. 60-81.
Racial portraiture in medieval Spain has gone traditionally overlooked in modern Spanish art historical scholarship. The reasons for this absence of academic interest lie in the monolithic nature of humanities in twentieth-century Spain, particularly during the Francoist dictatorship era, which artificially tried to highlight the Christian, White, and European aspects of the country’s medieval past. Whereas the Muslim and Jewish sides of medieval Iberia have been and continue to be extensively studied in and outside the country, depictions of African Blacks are rare and the interpretation of these images has been completely left aside in general literature. This chapter, inspired by recent research initiatives in medieval Iberian art history in the United States in particular, aims to challenge previous notions of Otherness as exclusively religion-based (Christian, Muslim, Jewish; Convivencia), highlighting instead race as a key factor of societal perceptions in the region. This chapter will discuss three portraits of Black characters created in Christian contexts and dating back from the twelfth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries. The narrative explores a range of textual sources, such as chronicles, in order to comprehend how the sub-Saharan African neighbour was perceived. This discussion will include evidence from Reconquista war times in the High Middle Ages, with cosmopolitan Islamic empires that stretched as far as Mauritania and the modern Sahel region, to early West African colonial exploration in the late Middle Ages and the reception of Timbuktu and the Malian Gold myth. Portraits in different artistic media, in different locations, and with different audiences in mind, such as stone sculpture in churches and luxury manuscripts, will be analysed.
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